Kugqitywe ukuhlaziywa: Septemba 2026. Zonke iifizi kunye namaxesha okucwangcisa aqinisekiswe ku-evisa.gov.et.
Abemi base-UK kufuneka bafumane i-visa ukuze bangene e-Ethiopia. I-Ethiopia eVisa yabemi base-UK iyafumaneka kwi-intanethi nge-portal karhulumente ku-evisa.gov.et, ixabisa malunga ne-$52 ye-visa yabakhenkethi yeentsuku ezingama-30, ithatha iintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 zokusebenza ukucwangcisa, kwaye yamkelwe kuphela xa kufikwa ngenqwelomoya kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya sase-Addis Ababa Bole International Airport.
Ipasipoti efundeka ngomatshini esebenzayo ubuncinane iinyanga ezintandathu ukusuka kumhla wokufika iyimfuneko. I-eVisa yi-visa ye-elektroniki yokungena kanye ekhutshwe ngurhulumente wase-Ethiopia ngokungqongqo ngeenjongo zokhenketho.
Faka isicelo ubuncinane iintsuku ezi-7 ukuya kwezi-10 zokusebenza ngaphambi kokuhamba nge-e-visa platform ukunqanda ukulibaziseka. Qaphela iiwebhusayithi zobuqhetseba, ezifana ne-www.ethiopiavisas.net, ezingagunyaziswanga ngurhulumente wase-Ethiopia. Soloko ufaka isicelo ngokuthe ngqo nge-evisa.gov.et ukuqinisekisa ukuba isicelo sakho sisebenza.
Ngaba abemi base-UK bafuna i-Visa yase-Ethiopia?
Bonke abanini bepasipoti yase-Britane kufuneka bafumane i-visa ngaphambi kokungena e-Ethiopia. I-Ethiopia eVisa yabemi base-UK yindlela ecetyiswayo, efumaneka nge-portal karhulumente ku-evisa.gov.et. Akukho mmi wase-UK onokungena e-Ethiopia ngaphandle kwe-visa. Ukukhululwa kwi-visa kusebenza kuphela kubanini be-Ethiopian Diplomatic ID Card, i-Ethiopian Temporary Residents Permit, okanye i-Ethiopian Origin ID (Yellow Cards) – akukho nanye kwezi isebenzayo kubakhenkethi abaqhelekileyo base-Britane.
Apho ungafaka khona isicelo se-Ethiopia eVisa yakho
I-Ethiopia eVisa yabemi base-UK icwangciswa kuphela nge-platform ye-eVisa karhulumente wase-Ethiopia ku-evisa.gov.et. Inkqubo iqhutywa yi-Immigration and Citizenship Service (copyright 2017-2026), kunye ne-Ethiopian Airlines njengomnikezeli wobugcisa. Iintlawulo kwi-www.ethiopiavisas.net aziyi kubangela ukuvunywa kwe-visa; urhulumente wase-Ethiopia akaxanduva lwemali elahlekileyo. Ngemibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo, bona evisa.gov.et/faq.
Ngenkxaso yesicelo, qhagamshelana ne-Immigration and Citizenship Service e-Addis Ababa ku-+251 (11) 1262635 okanye [email protected]. Bona Iimfuneko zePasipoti kunye neZixhobo malunga nento ekufuneka uyilungiselele ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo.
Iintlobo ze-Ethiopia eVisa zabahambi base-Britane
Abemi base-UK banokufaka isicelo se-30-day single-entry tourist eVisa, i-business eVisa, okanye ukuhamba ngaphandle kwe-visa ngenxa yokulinda okungaphantsi kwe-8 iiyure kwi-Bole Airport. I-tourist eVisa yeyokhenketho kuphela; ezinye iinjongo zifuna ukuvunywa kwangaphambili kwi-Immigration and Citizenship Service. Iintatheli zifuna i-Media Arrival entry clearance nge-Arrival Clearance Portal.
- I-Tourist eVisa: iintsuku ezingama-30, ukungena kanye, ukhenketho kuphela
- I-Business eVisa: ifuna isizathu esichaziweyo okanye ubungqina; ukucwangciswa okungxamisekileyo kunokufumaneka kwiimfuno zeshishini ezibhaliweyo
- Ukukhululwa kwi-Transit: ukuya kuthi ga kwi-8 iiyure kwi-airside kwi-Bole Airport, akukho visa ifunekayo
- Izandiso: iintsuku ezingama-30 okanye ezingama-90 ezongezelelweyo ziyafumaneka buqu kwi-Immigration and Citizenship Service Head Office e-Addis Ababa, ngaphambi kokuba i-visa yangoku iphelelwe lixesha
I-30-Day vs 90-Day Tourist eVisa
I-Ethiopia eVisa yabemi base-UK ingena kwi-30-day single-entry tourist visa xa ufaka isicelo kwi-intanethi. Izandiso ze-30 okanye 90 iintsuku ezongezelelweyo zinikwa buqu kwi-Immigration and Citizenship Service Head Office e-Addis Ababa, hayi nge-embassies phesheya. Ukuba i-90-day eVisa ingacelwa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-intanethi kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ku-evisa.gov.et.
Ukuhamba nge-Addis Ababa ngaphandle kwe-Visa
Abanini bepasipoti yase-UK abahamba nge-Bole International Airport ngaphantsi kwe-8 iiyure abahlala kwindawo yokuhamba ye-airside abayifuni i-eVisa okanye i-transit visa. Abakhweli abashiya isikhululo seenqwelomoya okanye abagqitha kwiiyure ezi-8 kufuneka babe ne-visa esebenzayo. Bona Ukufaneleka kweHotele ye-Transit yasimahla (STPC) ngenxa yokulinda ixesha elide.
Iimfuneko zePasipoti kunye neZixhobo zabemi base-UK
Iimfuneko ze-Ethiopia eVisa yabemi base-UK: ipasipoti efundeka ngomatshini esebenzayo iinyanga ezi-6 ukusuka ekufikeni, ikopi enemibala eskeniweyo yephepha le-bio yepasipoti, kunye nefoto enemibala yobungakanani bepasipoti. Ilungu ngalinye losapho, kubandakanywa nabantwana, lifuna isicelo esahlukileyo.
- Ukusebenza kwePasipoti: ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-6 ukusuka kumhla wokufika
- Ipasipoti kufuneka ibe efundeka ngomatshini
- Ikopi enemibala eskeniweyo yephepha le-bio yepasipoti
- Ifoto enemibala yobungakanani bepasipoti, ethathwe kwiinyanga ezi-6 ezidlulileyo
- Ilungu ngalinye losapho, kubandakanywa nabantwana, lifuna isicelo esahlukileyo
Imithetho ekhethekileyo kubanini bePasipoti yase-Britane
Abanini bepasipoti yase-Britane bafuna ipasipoti epheleleyo “yommi wase-Britane” esebenzayo kwiinyanga ezi-6+. Abantu abaneepasipoti ezimbini kufuneka baphathe ipasipoti yase-Britane okanye isatifikethi selungelo lokubuyela e-UK. Amaxwebhu onakeleyo awafaneleki kwi-Ethiopia eVisa kubanini bepasipoti yase-Britane.
Iimfuneko zeFoto ye-eVisa
Isicelo se-Ethiopia eVisa yabemi base-UK sifuna ifoto yedijithali yohlobo lwepasipoti ethathwe kwiinyanga ezi-6 ezidlulileyo. Ifoto yentloko ingongezwa kamva ukuba ayilunganga ngexesha lesicelo sokuqala. Bona evisa.gov.et/faq ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.
Ukufaka isicelo njengosapho okanye iqela
Umnini wepasipoti yase-UK ngamnye kufuneka afake isicelo esahlukileyo. Akukho ndlela yokufaka isicelo esidityanisiweyo okanye seqela kwi-portal.
Ukuhamba e-Ethiopia nabantwana
Abantwana abanepasipoti yabo yase-UK bafuna i-Ethiopia eVisa eyahlukileyo yabemi base-UK. Abazali kufuneka baphathe ikopi yesatifikethi sokuzalwa somntwana kunye nencwadi yemvume ukuba bahamba nomzali omnye kuphela.
Indlela yokufaka isicelo se-Ethiopia eVisa kwi-intanethi
Abanini bepasipoti yase-Britane kufuneka bagcwalise la manyathelo alandelayo ku-evisa.gov.et ngaphambi kokuhamba.

Tyelela i-evisa.gov.et
Tyelela i-evisa.gov.et kwaye ukhethe uhlobo lwe-visa yabakhenkethi yeentsuku ezingama-30
Gcwalisa ifomu yesicelo
Gcwalisa ifomu yesicelo ngeenkcukacha zomntu kunye nepasipoti
Layisha amaxwebhu
Layisha ikopi enemibala eskeniweyo yepasipoti yakho kunye nefoto yobungakanani bepasipoti
Hlawula imali
Hlawula imali usebenzisa i-Visa okanye i-Mastercard ekhutshwe e-UK
Ngenisa kwaye ufumane
Ngenisa kwaye ufumane i-eVisa evunyiweyo nge-imeyile
Ixesha lokucwangcisa
Ukucwangciswa okuqhelekileyo kuthatha iintsuku ezi-3-5 zokusebenza. Faka isicelo ubuncinane iintsuku ezi-7-10 zokusebenza ngaphambi kokuhamba. Ixesha lokucwangcisa likarhulumente aliqinisekiswanga. Ii-visa zeshishini zinokuba neendlela zokucwangcisa ezingxamisekileyo (zifuna isizathu/ubungqina). Qhagamshelana [email protected] okanye +251 (11) 1262635.
Iindlela zokuhlawula iiKhadi zase-UK
I-Visa kunye ne-Mastercard ekhutshwe e-UK zamkelwa ngokubanzi kwi-portal. I-American Express isenokungamkelwa. Yiba nekhadi elongezelelweyo lilungile xa kuthe kwabakho ukungaphumeleli kwentlawulo.
Nini iqala i-eVisa yakho?
I-Ethiopia eVisa yabemi base-UK iqala ixesha layo lokusebenza le-30-day ngomhla wokukhutshwa, hayi umhla wokufika ocetyiweyo. Ukuba awungeni ngaphakathi kwexesha lokusebenza, i-eVisa iyaphelelwa.
Ngaba ufuna ikopi eprintiweyo?
Phatha zombini i-PDF eprintiweyo kunye nekopi yedijithali kwifowuni yakho. Iinqwelomoya ekuphumeni e-UK zisenokufuna ikopi eprintiweyo xa ungena. Abaphathi bezomthetho base-Ethiopia kwi-Bole Airport banokwamkela umboniso wedijithali, kodwa ikopi eprintiweyo iyacetyiswa.
Kuthekani ukuba isicelo sakho se-eVisa siyaliwa?
Ukuba isicelo sakho se-Ethiopia eVisa yabemi base-UK siyaliwa, iifizi zikarhulumente azibuyiswa. Abafaki-sicelo banokulungisa iimpazamo kwaye bafake isicelo esitsha. Qhagamshelana [email protected] okanye +251 (11) 1262635 ngenkxaso.

Iifizi ze-Ethiopia eVisa zabemi base-UK ngo-2026
I-30-day tourist eVisa ixabisa ~$52 USD (~£41 GBP) nge-evisa.gov.et. Isohlwayo sokuhlala ngaphezulu yi-$30/ngosuku, kwaye ukuphuma kuthintelwe de kuhlawulwe.
Eli nqaku alinxulumananga nalo naliphi na i-arhente ye-visa yomntu wesithathu. Imali ye-arhente ye-$131 inikezelwe ngenjongo yokuthelekisa kuphela.
| Icandelo leMali | USD | GBP (malunga) |
|---|---|---|
| Imali ye-eVisa karhulumente (i-30-day tourist) | ~$52 | ~£41 |
| I-arhente yomntu wesithathu iyonke (umz., Sherpa) | $131 | ~£103 |
| Isohlwayo sokuhlala ngaphezulu (ngosuku) | $30 | ~£24 |
| Imali yesandiso (iintsuku ezingama-30 okanye ezingama-90) | Qinisekisa e-ofisini | – |
Uthelekiso lweendleko ze-Visa ekufikeni
I-Visa ekufikeni iyafumaneka kwi-Bole Airport kumazwe afanelekileyo, kodwa i-eVisa iyacetyiswa ukunqanda intlawulo ephindwe kabini. Irisithi yentlawulo ye-eVisa ayiyi kusebenza njengemvume ye-visa ekufikeni.
Ukuhlala ngaphezulu kwe-Visa yakho yase-Ethiopia
Isihlwayo sokuhlala ngaphezulu yi-$30 USD (~£24 GBP) ngosuku, kwaye abaphathi bezomthetho base-Ethiopia abayi kuvumela ukuphuma de kuhlawulwe isixa esipheleleyo. Umzekelo, ukuhlala ngaphezulu ngeentsuku ezi-5 kubangela isohlwayo se-$150 (~£120). Iifizi zesandiso zeentsuku ezingama-30 okanye ezingama-90 ezongezelelweyo zihlawuliswa kwi-Head Office ye-Immigration and Citizenship Service e-Addis Ababa – isixa esichanekileyo siyahluka kwaye kufuneka siqinisekiswe kwindawo. Bona Ukwandisa i-Visa yakho yase-Ethiopia ngeenkcukacha.
Ungayisebenzisa phi i-Ethiopia eVisa?
I-Ethiopia eVisa yabemi base-UK yamkelwa kuphela kwi-Addis Ababa Bole International Airport xa kufikwa ngenqwelomoya. I-eVisa ayimkelwa kwimida yomhlaba esuka e-Kenya, e-Djibouti, okanye e-Sudan, kwaye ayisebenzi nakwesiphi na esinye isikhululo seenqwelomoya sase-Ethiopia.
| Indawo yokungena | I-eVisa yamkelwe? | I-Visa ekufikeni? | I-Transit Visa ifunekayo? |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-Addis Ababa Bole International Airport (ADD) | Ewe | Ewe | Hayi (ukuba ngaphantsi kweeyure ezi-8 kwi-airside) |
| Ukuwela umda womhlaba | Hayi | Ewe (ukuba ufanelekile) | Ewe |
| Ezinye izikhululo zeenqwelomoya zase-Ethiopia | Hayi | Ewe (ukuba ufanelekile) | Ewe |
Iindawo zokungena zababambi be-eVisa
Ukukhululwa kwi-transit kusebenza kwi-Bole Airport ngenxa yokulinda okungaphantsi kwe-8 iiyure ngaphakathi kwendawo yokuhamba ye-airside, akukho visa ifunekayo.
Ukufaneleka kweHotele ye-Transit yasimahla (STPC)
Kubakhweli be-Ethiopian Airlines abanokulinda phakathi kweeyure ezi-8 nezama-24, ihotele ye-transit yasimahla (STPC) isenokufumaneka. Qhagamshelana ne-Ethiopian Airlines ngokuthe ngqo ukuze ufumane ukufaneleka.
Ukufika e-Ethiopia: Imida, Impilo kunye nemithetho yesandiso
Yintoni ekufuneka uyilungiselele kwi-Ethiopian Immigration Desk
I-Ethiopia eVisa yabemi base-UK kufuneka iboniswe kunye nepasipoti yase-Britane esebenzayo kwi-Addis Ababa Bole International Airport immigration desk.
- I-PDF ye-eVisa eprintiweyo (iyacetyiswa) kunye nekopi yedijithali kwifowuni yakho
- Ipasipoti yase-Britane esebenzayo – efundeka ngomatshini, esebenzayo ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-6 ukusuka ekufikeni
- Ubungqina bokuhamba okuqhubekayo okanye ukubuya
- Ubungqina beemali ezaneleyo (iyacetyiswa, ayisoloko ijongwa)
- Isatifikethi sokugonya umkhuhlane omthubi ukuba ufika kwilizwe elinengozi yokudlulisela
Iimfuneko zeMpilo kunye nezoKugonya
Isatifikethi sokugonya umkhuhlane omthubi siyafuneka ukuba ufika kwilizwe elidweliswe njengengozi yokudlulisela, kwaye kusenokufuneka nakuhambo oluya kwamanye amazwe. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Mpox kufuneka kumazwe athile; ukuvavanywa ukuba uneempawu. I-Ethiopia eVisa yabemi base-UK ayithathi indawo yezi mfuno zempilo – qhagamshelana nesikhokelo se-TravelHealthPro sase-Ethiopia nge-gov.uk ngenjongo yesikhokelo sangoku.
Ukwandisa i-Visa yakho yase-Ethiopia
Izandiso ze-30 okanye 90 iintsuku ezongezelelweyo ziyafumaneka. Abemi base-UK kufuneka bafake isicelo buqu kwi-Head Office ye-Immigration and Citizenship Service e-Addis Ababa ngaphambi kokuba i-eVisa yangoku iphelelwe lixesha. Isihlwayo sokuhlala ngaphezulu yi-$30 USD ngosuku, kwaye ukuphuma kuthintelwe de kuhlawulwe isohlwayo ngokupheleleyo. Qhagamshelana: [email protected] | +251 (11) 1262635.
I-UK Embassy, i-FCDO Advice kunye ne-Travel Insurance yase-Ethiopia
Jonga iingcebiso zokuhamba ze-FCDO kwaye ufumane i-inshorensi egubungela i-Ethiopia. Abemi base-Britane e-Ethiopia banokunxibelelana norhulumente wase-UK ngenkxaso engxamisekileyo ye-consular.
I-UK Embassy e-Ethiopia
Abemi base-Britane kufuneka bajonge gov.uk ngeenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano ze-UK Embassy / British High Commission e-Addis Ababa. Inkxaso engxamisekileyo ye-consular iyafumaneka kwiipasipoti ezilahlekileyo, imiba yezomthetho, kunye neengxaki ezingxamisekileyo.
I-FCDO Travel Advisory
I-FCDO icebisa ngokuchasene nalo lonke uhambo oluya kwiindawo zase-Ethiopia kwaye ngokuchasene nalo lonke uhambo olubalulekileyo oluya kwezinye iindawo. Jonga iphepha le-FCDO Ethiopia ku-gov.uk ngaphambi kokubhukisha nangaphambi kokuhamba, njengoko amanqanaba okucetyiswa anokutshintsha.
Imithetho yeCustoms yabahambi base-UK
Abahambi banokuthwala ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3,000 Ethiopian birr xa bengena okanye bephuma (10,000 ukuba baya e-Djibouti). Chaza imali yangaphandle egqithise i-$10,000 USD (ngokubanzi), i-$4,000 USD kubahlali, okanye i-$500 USD kwimida yomhlaba. I-Khat isemthethweni e-Ethiopia kodwa akukho mthethweni ukuyithumela ngaphandle. I-Ivory akukho mthethweni ukuyithenga okanye ukuyiphethe; izohlwayo zifikelela kwi-25,000 birr (~£220). Iidrones, iifowuni zesathelayithi, kunye neebhinokula zifuna ukuvunywa kwangaphambili kwi-Customs and Information Network and Security Agency. Izinto zakudala zifuna isatifikethi sokuthumela ngaphandle.
I-Travel Insurance
I-FCDO icebisa i-inshorensi yokuhamba ebanzi egubungela i-Ethiopia ngokukodwa kwaye ibandakanya ukukhutshwa kwezonyango. Ukubamba i-Ethiopia eVisa yabemi base-UK akuthathi indawo ye-inshorensi; qinisekisa ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo wakho usebenza kuzo zonke iingingqi oceba ukuzityelela.
I-Ethiopia eVisa yabemi base-UK: Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (FAQ)
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani?
Ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokucwangcisa i-Ethiopia eVisa yabemi base-UK lithatha iintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 zokusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, isiqinisekiso sokucwangcisa sikarhulumente asibonelelwanga. Kucetyiswa ukuba ufake isicelo ubuncinane iintsuku ezi-7 ukuya kwezi-10 zokusebenza ngaphambi kohambo lwakho olucwangcisiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana imvume ngexesha.
Ixabisa malini?
Imali karhulumente ye-30-day tourist Ethiopia eVisa kubanini bepasipoti yase-Britane imalunga ne-$52 USD, elimalunga ne-£41 GBP. Ii-arhente zomntu wesithathu zisenokuhlawulisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-$131 USD, kubandakanywa iirhafu ezongezelelweyo. Ukufaka isicelo ngokuthe ngqo ku-evisa.gov.et kunqanda ezi ntlawulo ze-arhente ezongezelelweyo.
I-Visa ekufikeni endaweni yoko?
Ewe, abemi base-UK banokufumana i-visa ekufikeni kwi-Addis Ababa Bole International Airport ngenjongo yokhenketho, elilinganiselwe kumazwe afanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukufumana i-Ethiopia eVisa yabemi base-UK kwi-intanethi ngaphambili kuyacetyiswa ukunqanda ukulibaziseka. Irisithi yentlawulo ye-eVisa ayiyi kusebenza njengemvume ye-visa ekufikeni.
Kuthekani ukuba isicelo sam siyaliwa?
Ukuba isicelo sakho se-Ethiopia eVisa yabemi base-UK siyaliwa, iifizi zikarhulumente azibuyiswa. Abafaki-sicelo banokulungisa naziphi na iimpazamo kwaye bafake isicelo esitsha. Ngenkxaso ethe ngqo ngesimo sesicelo sakho, ungaqhagamshelana nenkxaso [email protected] okanye ufowunele +251 (11) 1262635.
Ikopi eprintiweyo okanye yedijithali?
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo ye-Ethiopia eVisa yabemi base-UK kukuphatha zombini i-PDF eprintiweyo kunye nekopi yedijithali kwifowuni yakho. Iinqwelomoya ekuphumeni e-UK zisenokufuna ikopi eprintiweyo, kwaye nangona abaphathi bezomthetho base-Ethiopia banokwamkela umboniso wedijithali, ikopi eprintiweyo iyacetyiswa kakhulu.
Ndingayandisa i-eVisa yam?
Ewe, ungayandisa i-Ethiopia eVisa yakho yabemi base-UK ngelixa usezweni. Kufuneka ufake isicelo buqu kwi-Head Office ye-Immigration and Citizenship Service e-Addis Ababa ngaphambi kokuba i-visa yakho yangoku iphelelwe lixesha. Izandiso zeentsuku ezingama-30 okanye ezingama-90 ezongezelelweyo ziyafumaneka.
Isebenza kwimida yomhlaba?
Hayi, i-Ethiopia eVisa yabemi base-UK ayisebenzi kwimida yomhlaba okanye kwezinye izikhululo zeenqwelomoya e-Ethiopia. Yamkelwa kuphela xa kufikwa ngenqwelomoya kwi-Addis Ababa Bole International Airport. Abahambi base-UK abangena ngomhlaba besuka kumazwe angabamelwane abanakuyisebenzisa i-eVisa.
Ngaba abantwana bafuna i-eVisa eyahlukileyo?
Ewe, abantwana bafuna i-Ethiopia eVisa eyahlukileyo yabemi base-UK. Umntwana ngamnye ophethe ipasipoti yase-UK kufuneka afake isicelo esahlukileyo, njengoko kungekho ndlela yokufaka isicelo esidityanisiweyo seqela kwi-portal. Abazali kufuneka baphathe ipasipoti yomntwana kunye nekopi yesatifikethi sokuzalwa.
Zeziphi izitofu endizifunayo?
Isatifikethi sokugonya umkhuhlane omthubi siyafuneka kwi-Ethiopia eVisa yabemi base-UK ukuba ufika kwilizwe elidweliswe njengengozi yokudlulisela. Ukongeza, uphando lokuhlolwa kwe-mpox kufuneka lugcwaliswe ngaphambi kokufika ukuba uhamba kumazwe athile, kunye novavanyo olungenakuthintelwa ukuba uneempawu.
Ngaba abantu abaneepasipoti ezimbini banokufaka isicelo ngepasipoti engeyiyo yase-Britane?
Abemi base-UK abaneepasipoti ezimbini banokufaka isicelo se-Ethiopia eVisa yabemi base-UK besebenzisa ipasipoti engeyiyo yase-Britane, kodwa kufuneka baphathe ipasipoti yase-Britane esebenzayo okanye isatifikethi selungelo lokubuyela e-UK. Ipasipoti epheleleyo yommi wase-Britane iyafuneka ekungeneni nasekubuyeni.